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  • Chiyambi cha Sieve ya Molecular

Chiyambi cha Sieve ya Molecular

Kufotokozera

Mamolekyu azinthu zosiyanasiyana amasiyanitsidwa ndi kufunikira ndi kukula kwa adsorption, kotero chithunzicho chimatchedwa "molecular sieve".

Sieve ya molekyulu (yomwe imadziwikanso kuti synthetic zeolite) ndi silicate microporous crystal. Ndiwo maziko a mafupa omwe amapangidwa ndi silicon aluminate, yokhala ndi zitsulo zachitsulo (monga Na +, K +, Ca2 +, ndi zina zotero) kuti zithetse vuto la kristalo. Mtundu wa sieve ya maselo umagawidwa kukhala A mtundu, X mtundu ndi Y mtundu malinga ndi mawonekedwe ake a kristalo.

Chemical formula ya maselo a zeolite:

 Mx/n [(AlO.2) x (SiO.2) y]WH.2O.

mx/n:.

 cation ion, kusunga kristalo wamagetsi osalowerera ndale

(AlO2) x (SiO2) y:

 Chigoba cha makristalo a zeolite, okhala ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana a mabowo ndi ngalande

H2O:

 thupi adsorbed madzi nthunzi

Mawonekedwe:

 Ma adsorption angapo ndi desorption amatha kuchitidwa
Lembani A Molecular Sieve

Chigawo chachikulu cha mtundu A molecular sieve ndi silicon aluminate.

Bowo lalikulu la kristalo ndi mawonekedwe a octaring.Kutsegula kwa kabowo kakang'ono ka kristalo ndi 4Å(1Å=10-10m), yotchedwa mtundu wa 4A (wotchedwanso mtundu A) sieve ya molekyulu;
Sinthani Ca2 + kwa Na + mu 4A molekyulu sieve, kupanga pobowola 5A, kutanthauza 5A mtundu (aka calcium A) molecular sieve;
K+ ya 4A sieve ya molekyulu, kupanga pobowo ya 3A, yomwe ndi 3A (aka potaziyamu A) sieve ya molekyulu.

 
Type X Molecular Sieve

Chigawo chachikulu cha X molecular sieve ndi silicon aluminate, dzenje lalikulu la kristalo ndi mawonekedwe a mphete khumi ndi awiri.
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kristalo imapanga kristalo ya molecular sieve yokhala ndi 9-10 A, yotchedwa 13X (yomwe imadziwikanso kuti sodium X mtundu) sieve ya maselo;

Ca2 + anasinthanitsa Na + mu sieve ya 13X ya molecular, kupanga molecular sieve crystal yokhala ndi 8-9 A, yotchedwa 10X (yomwe imadziwikanso kuti calcium X) molecular sieve.

 

Lembani A Molecular Sieve

Sieve ya Molecular1

Type X Molecular Sieve

Molecular Sieve2

Kugwiritsa ntchito

Kutsatsa kwazinthu kumachokera ku kutengeka kwakuthupi (vander Waals Force), yokhala ndi polarity yolimba ndi minda ya Coulomb mkati mwa dzenje la kristalo, kuwonetsa mphamvu yamphamvu ya mamolekyu a polar (monga madzi) ndi mamolekyu osatha.

The kabowo kabowo sieve maselo ndi yunifolomu kwambiri, ndi zinthu kokha ndi maselo awiri ang'onoang'ono kuposa dzenje m'mimba mwake akhoza kulowa kristalo dzenje mkati mwa maselo sieve.

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